LATEST TELECOMMUNICATION PROJECTS


At TECHNOFIST we provide academic projects based on Telecommunication with latest IEEE papers implementation. Below mentioned are the list and abstracts on Telecommunication domain. For synopsis and IEEE papers please visit our head office and get registered.
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LATEST TELECOMMUNICATION PROJECTS

TECHNOFIST provides Telecommunication based projects with latest IEEE concepts and training in Bangalore. We have 12 years experience in delivering Telecommunication based projects with machine learning and artificial intelligence based applications with embedded coding. Below mentioned are few latest IEEE transactions on Telecommunication.

Technofist is the best institute in Bangalore to carry out Telecommunication based projects with machine learning, IOT and Artificial intelligence for final year academic project purpose. Latest Telecommunication concepts for what is essential for final year engineering and Diploma students which includes Synopsis, Final report and PPT Presentations for each phase according to college format. Feel free to contact us for project ideas and abstracts.

Students of ECE, CSE , ISE , EEE and Telecommunication Engineering departments, willing to pursue final year project in stream of Embedded projects using Telecommunication with Embedded coding can download the project titles with abstracts below.

TWB001
IMPLEMENTATION OF ATM SECURITY SYSTEM USING GSM AND MEMS.

ABSTRACT -- In this paper is designed for providing security using MEMS Accelerometer. The output of MEMS device is given to ADC circuit to convert the analog values to digital which is inbuilt for Arduino microcontroller. Whenever the accelerometer is disturbed it gives signal to controller. MEMS are miniaturized structures, sensors, actuators, and microelectronics. Micro sensors and micro actuators are appropriately categorized as “transducers”, which are defined as devices that convert energy from one form to another. In the case of micro sensors, the device typically converts a measured mechanical signal into an electrical signal.Contact:
 +91-9008001602
 080-40969981

TWB002
IMPLEMENTATION OF AUTOMATIC RAILWAY GATE CONTROLLER.

ABSTRACT -- Automatic Railway Gate Control System very useful project which help is automatically opening and closing the railway gate upon detecting arrival or departure of the train. In general, Railway gates are opened or closed manually by a gate keeper. The information about arrival of train for opening or closing of door is received from nearby station. But some railway crossings are totally unmanned and many railway accidents occur at these unmanned level crossings. To avoid the human intervention at level n crossings completely, we need to automate the process of railway gate control. We have two different Automatic Railway Gate Control circuits mentioned in this article: using 8051. Contact:
 +91-9008001602
 080-40969981

TWB003
GPS BASED SOLDIER TRACKING AND HEALTH INDICATION SYSTEM.

ABSTRACT -- In today’s world, enemy warfare is an important factor in any nation’s security. One of the important and vital roles is played by the army soldiers. There are many concerns regarding the safety of soldiers. So for their security purpose, many instruments are mounted on them to view their health status as well as ammunitions present with them .Bio-sensor systems comprise various types of small physiological sensors, transmission modules and processing capabilities, and can thus facilitate low-cost wearable unobtrusive solutions for health monitoring. GPS used to log the longitude and latitude so that direction can be known easily. These devices are being added to weapons and firearms, and some militaries such as the Israeli Army which are exploring the possibility of embedding GPS devices into soldiers vests and uniforms so that field commanders can track their soldier’s movements in real time. RF module can be used for High-speed, short-range, soldier-to-soldier wireless communications that will be required to relay information on situational awareness, tactical instructions, and covert surveillance related data during special operations reconnaissance and other missions .So by using these equipments we are trying to implement the basic life- guarding system for soldier in low cost and high reliability.Contact:
 +91-9008001602
 080-40969981

TWB004
GESTURE RECOGNITION SYSTEM USING MEMS ACCELEROMETERS AND ZIGBEE TECHNOLOGY.

ABSTRACT -- The primary objective of the paper is to construct and test a low-cost, minimally supervised gesture recognition system which identifies static gestures efficiently and accurately. The proposed system uses ADXL335 accelerometer sensors which track the gestures and these sensors are interfaced with an Arduino microcontroller board for data processing and gesture recognition. The software of the system implemented in the micro-controller, features a computationally feasible algorithm which requires only nominal resources to recognize the gestures. The paper further elucidates on minimizing the number of accelerometers to reduce the cost and power-consumption of the system. The performance of the system is assessed using static gestures in the alphabets of the American Sign Language (ASL) across data-sets obtained from 3 trained ASL signers. The average run-time efficiency of the proposed system with a maximum and minimum configuration of 5 and 2 accelerometers was found to be 95.3% and 87.0%, with the cost of these prototype systems being realized respectively. It was also found that the system can be trained for the static gestures of the alphabets in ASL under two minutes by a new-user with any system configuration. Contact:
 +91-9008001602
 080-40969981

TWB005
DEVELOPMENT OF DATA ACQUISITION ROBOT FOR TOXIC ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING USING WSN – KROTOFINDER.

ABSTRACT -- This project is mainly implemented for industrial applications. Mainly for detecting the damages inside the oil pipe that cannot be detected by human beings. Kroto is the Greek word meaning to crack. Inside the pipe, there is very heavy temperature, pressure and toxic gases. So we are implementing a robot that have a camera, temperature sensor, pressure sensor etc which is used to detect the crack and conditions inside the pipe. This data from all the high precision sensors will be transmitted using blue-tooth to android phone from the robot to the control station. The robot incorporates a wireless camera and the data from the cam is transmitted to the fronted Visual studio. Contact:
 +91-9008001602
 080-40969981

TWB006
DEVELOPMENT OF WIFI BASED HOME AUTOMATION.

ABSTRACT -- Device-oriented control system is based on the devices to be controlled and the location they use devices, providing a control service system with dynamic operation interface: when detecting the approaching users, the system would automatically notify users the available devices and provide users with the control options for the devices. The system function would come along with the device to be controlled, and the user interface would change with user's location and devices in the location, reducing the complexity of operation and enabling users to focus on the present objects to be operated. This system can be combined with I/O or smart devices, providing users with location-based device-oriented control service, making the update and maintenance of IoT application control system easier. Contact:
 +91-9008001602
 080-40969981

TWB007
LIVE HUMAN DETECTING ROBOT FOR EARTHQUAKE RESCUE OPERATION.

ABSTRACT -- Natural calamities do occur and they are unstoppable. But humans are becoming increasingly aware in the concept of intelligent rescue operations in such calamities so that precious life and material can be saved though calamities cannot be stopped. Still there are lots of disasters that occur all of a sudden and Earthquake is one such thing. Earthquakes produce a devastating effect and they see no difference between human and material. Hence a lot of times humans are buried among the debris and it become impossible to detect them. A timely rescue can only save the people who are buried and wounded. Detection by rescue workers becomes time consuming and due to the vast area that gets affected it becomes more difficult. So the project proposes an autonomous robotic vehicle that moves in the earthquake prone area and helps in identifying the alive people and rescue operations.Contact:
 +91-9008001602
 080-40969981

TWB008
RFID BASED TRAIN IDENTIFICATION, DETECTION AND UNMANNED RAILWAY CROSSING SYSTEM.

ABSTRACT -- There has been an increase in the road trafficas well as the rail traffic, accidents at level crossing has increased and this has caused the concern for the Indian railways. The objective of this project is to provide automatic railway gate at a level crossing replacing the gates operated by the gatekeepers. In this project we are proposing a simple solution for the level crossing in which we fix the Radio Frequency tag (RF tag) on the train. The system reduces the time for which the gate remains closed. This type of gates can be employed in an unmanned level crossing where the chances of accidents are higher and reliable operation is required. The collision of trains running on same track is also prevented by employing IR Transmitter-Receiver system at each sections of the Station and passes the information to a master control room.Contact:
 +91-9008001602
 080-40969981

TWB009
IMPLEMENTATION OF HOME SECURITY USING GSM.

ABSTRACT -- Nowadays technology keeps on upgrading. Home security is essential for occupant’s convenience and protection. Security systems are being preferred over manual system. With the rapid increase in the number of users of internet over the past decade has made internet a part and parcel of life. This security system differs from other system by allowing the user to open the door through password sent from the mobile. With the help of Arduino microcontroller as an embedded device, security system design was constructed with the help of the other embedded devices.Contact:
 +91-9008001602
 080-40969981

TWB010
RFID BASED ATTENDANCE SYSTEM WITH SMS NOTIFICATION.

ABSTRACT -- Now a days due to easy availability of all the information on the internet, students are less motivated to attend the classes, due to which most of the students are unable to maintain minimum attendance. This work is to simplify attendance recording system by using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology. RFID based Attendance recorder with SMS alert System is a web based application that will be developed to overcome the above stated problem. The system will be developed by using GSM (Global System for Mobile communication) technology and database support. The information from RFID Database handling System will be used for taking attendance and for sending SMS alert also. This System interacts with parents by sending message. Therefore, the system functionality is not only records the student attendance, but also sends alert SMS to their parents when the student is absent.Contact:
 +91-9008001602
 080-40969981

TWB011
BUS SAFETY SYSTEM FOR SCHOOL CHILDREN USING RFID AND GSM.

ABSTRACT -- Millions of children need to commute between homes to school every day. Safer transportation of school children has been a critical issue as it is often observed that, kids find themselves locked in the school bus at the bus stop after going to school, they miss the bus, or ride the wrong bus with no way to track them. This project intends to find yet another solution to solve this problem by developing a bus safety system that will control the entry and exit of students from the buses through an energy efficient methodology. The proposed system will control the entry and exit of students to and from the bus using RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) and GSM technologies to ensure the entering and exiting of all students to and from the school bus in a safer manner. The process does not require any additional action by the student and drivers. The system will do all the process and allow the student to be tracked while entering and leaving the bus. If the bus journey is successful from the source to destination, it will send an SMS to the management/parents to inform its departure and arrival.Contact:
 +91-9008001602
 080-40969981

TWB012
GREEN HOUSE MONITORING AND CONTROL USING SMART PHONES.

ABSTRACT -- In agricultural country like India, greenhouses form an important aspect of agricultural and horticulture sectors. In greenhouses, plants are grown under favorable climatic conditions for its production and growth. Thus monitoring and control of greenhouse environment is necessary for production and management of greenhouses. This project is designed to monitor and control the indoor humidity and weather conditions affecting the plants using embedded system and Android mobile phone. The android phone is connected to a central server which then connects to microcontroller and humidity sensor via serial communication. Thus the sensor records and manages the required weather conditions proved to be appropriate for plant growth. Contact:
 +91-9008001602
 080-40969981

TWB013
ANTI-THEFT PROTECTION OF VEHICLE BY GSM AND GPS WITH FINGERPRINT VERIFICATION.

ABSTRACT -- Recently vehicle tracking system is getting vast popularity because of the rising number of the stolen vehicles. Vehicle theft is happening on parking and sometimes driving in unsecured places. This research work explores how to avoid this kind of stealing and provides more security to the vehicles. The implemented system contains singleboard embedded system which is equipped with global system for mobile (GSM) and global positioning system (GPS) along with a microcontroller installed in the vehicle. The use of GSM and GPS technologies allows the system to track the object and provides the most up-to date information about on-going trips. Moreover, fingerprint verification is done in the implemented system to ensure the driving of correct person. The implemented system is very simple with greater security for vehicle anti-theft protection and low cost technique compared to others. Contact:
 +91-9008001602
 080-40969981

TWB014
WSN BASED DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM FOR MULTIPLE FAULTS MONITORING AND CONTROLLING SYSTEM.

ABSTRACT -- In this paper, a scheme for fault detection and identification process in industrial environment is developed. Fault detection techniques based on mean square value of the difference between incoming and outgoing sensors of each section. These differences are compared against threshold setting values. Fault identification is based on the analysis of sensor values and monitoring using pc. We are proposing a Zigbee wireless communication device to acquire sensor values and control the outputs. Contact:
 +91-9008001602
 080-40969981

TWB015
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AN ADVANCED SECURITY SYSTEM-INVISIBLE EYE (POWER SAVING SYSTEM).

ABSTRACT -- The main agenda of this work is to design and implement an advanced security with affordable and less complex system. In this modern era, property crimes are more predominant. This necessitates our need to develop an advanced security system which is the INVISIBLE EYE. It is basically a single camera based security system that can be used to protect valuables kept in a room of a house or property. Contact:
 +91-9008001602
 080-40969981

TWB016
IMPLEMENTATION OF SAFETY SYSTEM DEVICE FOR WOMENS.

ABSTRACT -- India which sees itself as a promising super power and an economic hub, is still trapped in the clutches of various patriarchal evils like molestations, dowry, crime against women, worst among all is Rape. The atrocities against the women can be now brought to an end with the help of an embedded system based device. The systems are getting smarter day by day with the introduction of the speech signal to control the machine. In this paper, the sensor like vibration sensor is used to provide input along with that panic switch is also used which are given to the microcontroller. Zigbee and GSM is the Wireless transmission media used in this project. The information can be send to the concerned person through GSM. Contact:
 +91-9008001602
 080-40969981

TWB017
DEVELOPMENT OF HAPTIC ROBOTIC ARM.

ABSTRACT -- The integration of medical science and engineering has made the task like complicated surgery by robotic arm simpler. To capture the motion of human limbs, sensors can be used. These units can be worn for video game character modeling, virtual reality, and activity recognition. The arm moment is reciprocated almost exactly by the robotic arm. Data capture is achieved with the special motion capture sensor called “Shape Tape” that is worn by the human operator. Any human arm or even leg, neck or spine moment can be mapped on to any of the robotic arm manipulator. Flex sensor robotic arm deals with controlling a bionic/robotic arm with the help of motion sensing technology by Flex Sensors. The system is basically a master-slave system wherein the master motion sensing glove sits on hosts arm sensing motions of the finger and then using this data to control the servos which control the finger movement of the slave bionic/robotic arm. And a 3-axis sensor or tilt sensor is used for the movement of the arm to move upwards and down. Contact:
 +91-9008001602
 080-40969981

TWB018 RFID BASED TRAIN IDENTIFICATION, DETECTION AND UNMANNED RAILWAY CROSSING SYSTEM ABSTRACT
TWB019 DESIGN & DEVELOPMENT OF SECURITY BASED VOTING SYSTEM FOR GOVERNMENT. ABSTRACT
TWB020 DTMF TELEPHONE REMOTE CONTROL ABSTRACT
TWB021 DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AN ADVANCED SECURITY SYSTEM -INVISIBLE EYE ABSTRACT
TWB022 DEVELOPMENT OF WIRELESS SENSOR NETWAORK FOR HEALTH MONITORINGSYSTEM ABSTRACT
TWB023 MOTOR SPEED, LIGHT CONTROLLER USING CELLULAR PHONE ABSTRACT
TWB024 MOBILE TO PC INTERFACE FOR CONTROLLING OF DEVICES USING DTMF TECHNOLOGY ABSTRACT
TWB025 CELL PHONE TO CELL PHONE APPLIANCE CONTROL SYSTEM ABSTRACT
TWB026 REMOTE ACCESS CONTROL AND AUTOMATION SYSTEM FOR ELECTRONIC APPLIANCES USING DTMF TELEPHONE LINE ABSTRACT
TWB027 CELL PHONE BASED ROBOT DETECTION CONTROL ABSTRACT
TWB028 WIRELESS CONTROL OF APPLIANCES & DEVICES BY MOBILE PHONE USING DTMF TECHNOLOGY ABSTRACT
TWB029 SECURITY AND AUTO DIALING SYSTEM ABSTRACT
TWB030 CELL PHONE BASED DEVICE CONTROL WITH VOICE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ABSTRACT
TWB031 OUT-PATIENT TABLET TIME CARE SYSTEM WITH VOICE ANNOUNCEMENT ABSTRACT
TWB032 MICROCONTROLLER BASED BANK LOCKER SECURITY SYSTEM WITH VOICE REPORTING ABSTRACT
TWB033 DROWSINESS AND GASEOUS FUEL LEAK DETECTOR AND ALERTING SYSTEM ABSTRACT
TWB034 AUTOMATIC VEHICLE SPEED, HORN, AND BRAKE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (WITH ANALYZER – OPTIONAL ABSTRACT
TWB035 GAS LEAKAGE, THIEF AND FIRE DETECTOR & AUTO DIALING CONTROLLER SYSTEM. ABSTRACT
TWB036 INDUSTRIAL PROTECTION SYSTEM USING TEMPERATURE, SMOKE SENSORS AND LIGHT DEPENDENT RESISTOR ABSTRACT
TWB037 TOKEN NUMBER DISPLAY WITH VOICE IN SECURITY USING MICROCONTROLLER AT89C51. ABSTRACT
TWB038 BLACK BOX FOR VEHICALS/CAR – INTELLEGENT VEHICLE MONITORING SYSTEM. ABSTRACT
TWB039 REMOTE CONTROLLED JACK FOR CARS. ABSTRACT
TWB040 PASSENGER PRE-PAID METRO CARD SYSTEM. ABSTRACT
TWB041 AIRCRAFT BLACKBOX WITH AUTO INFORMATION TO THE BASE STATION ABSTRACT
TWB042 ADVANCED RTO SURVAILLANCE SYSTEM ABSTRACT
TWB043 KROTO FINDER ABSTRACT
TWB044 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION BASED DIGITAL NOTICE BOARD USING GRAPHICAL LCD ABSTRACT
TWB045 CABLE TESTER FOR INDUSTRIES USING AVR ABSTRACT
TWB046 MEDIBLACK BOX ABSTRACT
TWB047 INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION AND MONITORING SYSTEM (TEMPERATURE< VIBRATION< PRESSURE etc.) ABSTRACT
TWB048 AUTOMATED AMBULANCE GATES AT AMBULANCE AND TRAFFIC SIGNALS. ABSTRACT
TWB049 MICROCONTROLLER BASED HOME OR INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION. ABSTRACT
TWB050 PAITENT MONITORING SYSTEM ABSTRACT
TWB051 AN INTEGRATED NETWORK OF ROADSIDE SENSORS AND VEHICLES FOR DRIVING SAFETY: CONCEPT, DESIGN AND EXPERIMENTS ABSTRACT
TWB052 DENSITY BASED TRAFFIC LIGHT CONTROLLER ABSTRACT
TWB053 AUTOMATIC STREET LIGHT CONTROLLER WITH RTC ABSTRACT
TWB054 MICROCONTROLLER BASED SECURITY DOOR CONTROL SYSTEM FOR ATM WITH VOICE ANNOUNCEMENT ABSTRACT
TWB055 SMART PARKING SYSTEM ABSTRACT
TWB056 RESEARCH OF TRAFFIC SIGNAL LIGHT INTELLIGENT CONTROL SYSTEM BASED ON MICROCONTROLLER ABSTRACT
TWB057 INTELLIGENT HIGHWAY POLICE PATROLLING SYSTEM WITH SPEED SENSORS AND CAMERA FOR THE VEHICLES WHICH VIOLATES SPEED LIMITS ABSTRACT
TWB058 ALIVE HUMAN BEING DETECTOR IN WAR FIELDS, AFFECTED AREAS USING WAP WITH MODEL AND CAMERA–PIR (PASSIVE INFRARED SENSORS) FOR RESCUE OPERATIONS WITH COMMUNICATION ABSTRACT
TWB059 UTILIZATION OF SOLAR ENERGY WITH TRACKING THE SUN USING STEPPER MOTOR AUTOMATICALLY. ABSTRACT
TWB060 DESIGN & DEVELOPMENT OF SECURITY BASED VOTING SYSTEM FOR GOVERNMENT. ABSTRACT
TWB061 ROOM LIGHT AND FAN CONTROLLER WITH VISITOR’s COUNTER. ABSTRACT
TWB062 MICROCONTROLLER BASED AERONAUTICAL CRASH PREVENTION SYSTEM THROUGH RF COMMUNICATION ABSTRACT
TWB063 AUTOMATIC PLANT WATERING AND TANK LEVEL ALERTING SYSTEM. ABSTRACT
TWB064 AIRPORT AUTOMATION. ABSTRACT
TWB065 ALCOHOLIC ANALYZER AND TILT DETECTOR FOR VECHICLE SECURED IGNITION. ABSTRACT
TWB066 BELT CONVOYER WITH PICK AND PLACE AND DIGITAL. ABSTRACT
TWB067 COLD BLODD BANK STORAGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM. ABSTRACT
TWB068 DESIGNING A COMPLETE VECHICLE IMMOBILIZATION SYSTEM INTEGRATED WITH A PERSONALIZED ALERT MECHANISM. ABSTRACT
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Technofist provides latest IEEE Telecommunication Projects for final year engineering students in Bangalore | India, Telecommunication Based Projects with latest concepts are available for final year ece / eee / cse / ise / telecom students , latest titles and abstracts based on Telecommunication Projects for engineering Students, latest ieee based Telecommunication project concepts, new ideas on Telecommunication Projects, Telecommunication Based Projects for ECE, Telecommunication based Embedded Projects, Telecommunication latest projects, final year IEEE Telecommunication based project for be students, final year Telecommunication projects, Telecommunication training for final year students, real time Telecommunication based projects, embedded IEEE projects on Telecommunication, innovative projects on Telecommunication with classes, lab practice and documentation support.

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EMBEDDED SYSTEM

Technofist, Bangalore offers IEEE Projects on EMBEDDED SYSTEM for final year engineering students and Final year engineering projects on EMBEDDED SYSTEM . Embedded based IEEE Projects on EMBEDDED SYSTEM projects for M.Tech, EC and BE students. Technofist , Bangalore also offer online training for projects on EMBEDDED SYSTEM for final year engineering Students and Final year engineering projects on EMBEDDED SYSTEM for ECE and engineering students. Technofist offers IEEE Projects training on EMBEDDED SYSTEM at low cost. See this section for list of Projects on EMBEDDED SYSTEM or Contact us for details and projects on EMBEDDED SYSTEM.
IEEE EMBEDDED SYSTEM project list for m.tech /be / b tech / mca / M.sc students in bangalore.
Technofist offers EMBEDDED SYSTEM based IEEE projects for Mtech and BE final year students. Here at technofist we use Embedded platform to work on EMBEDDED SYSTEM projects..
We have technical team who are skilled enough to provide solution on latest IEEE related EMBEDDED SYSTEM projects. Get analytics and Embedded based projects on EMBEDDED SYSTEM for students using C/C++ as core find new opportunities in EMBEDDED SYSTEM Science. Take reference or would like to start your training from our or yours idea on EMBEDDED SYSTEM projects.

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EMBEDDED KITS / MICROCONTROLLERS/ ARM / PIC/AVR/ARDUINO

Embedded systems are a cornerstone of the electronics industry today.
An embedded system is a computer or processor based system that has been designed for a specific purpose.

The system gains its name from the fact that the software is embedded into it for a particular application. The embedded system is not like a PC or other computer that can run a variety of programmes and fulfil a whole host of tasks.
The item using an embedded system is designed for a specific task and has its software preloaded, although updates may be undertaken from time to time.

Embedded systems basics

It may be asked what is an embedded system. With many processor based systems and computers it is useful to define what an embedded system is. A convenient definition for an embedded system is An embedded system is any computer system contained within a product that is not described as a computer.
Using this embedded system definition it is possible to understand the various basic characteristics one. Typically they are:

  • Embedded systems are designed for a specific task. Although they use computer techniques, they cannot be used as a general purpose computer using a variety of different programmes for different task. In this way their function can be focussed onto what they need to do, and they can accordingly be made cheaper and more efficiently.
  • The software for embedded systems is normally referred to as firmware. Rather than being stored on a disc, where many programmes can be stored, the single programme for an embedded system is normally stored on chip and it is referred to as firmware.
Embedded systems contain two main elements
  • Embedded system hardware: As with any electronic system, an embedded system requires a hardware platform on which to run. The hardware will be based around a microprocessor or microcontroller. The embedded system hardware will also contain other elements including memory, input output (I/O) interfaces as well as the user interface, and the display.
  • Embedded system software: The embedded system software is written to perform a particular function. It is typically written in a high level format and then compiled down to provide code that can be lodged within a non-volatile memory within the hardware.
Embedded Processor Hardware
  • Embedded systems basics
  • Embedded processor hardware
  • CPU
  • Embedded MPU
  • Embedded MCU
  • RAM

When developing an embedded system, one of the options is to base the computational hardware around a microcontroller, MCU rather than a microprocessor, MPU.

Both approaches have their attractions, but generally they will be found in different applications. Typically the microcontroller, MCU, is found in applications where size, low power and low cost are key requirements.

The MCU, microcontroller is different to a microprocessor in that it contains more elements of the overall processing engine within the one chip.

Bringing most of the processing engine components onto a single chip reduces size and cost. This enables it to become economical viable to digitally control even more devices and processes. Also it is found that mixed signal microcontrollers are being increasingly used, integrating analogue components needed to control non-digital electronic systems.

Microcontroller basics

Microcontrollers comprise the main elements of a small computer system on a single chip. They contain the memory, and IO as well as the CPU one the same chip. This considerably reduces the size, making them ideal for small embedded systems, but means that there are compromises in terms of performance and flexibility.

As microcontrollers are often intended for low power and low processing applications, some microcontrollers may only use 4 bit words and they may also operate with very low clock rates - some 10 kHz and less to conserve power. This means that some MCUs may only consume a milli watt or so and they may also have sleep consumption levels of a few nano watts. At the other end of the scale some MCUs may need much higher levels of performance and may have very much higher clock speeds and power consumption.

Different types of Microcontrollers
  1. 8051
  2. ARM
  3. PIC
  4. Arduino
  5. AVR
Functions 8051 PIC AVR ARM
Bus width 8-bit for standard core 8/16/32-bit 8/32-bit 32-bit mostly also available in 64-bit
Communication Protocols UART, USART,SPI,I2C PIC, UART, USART, LIN, CAN, Ethernet, SPI, I2S UART, USART, SPI, I2C, (special purpose AVR support CAN, USB, Ethernet) UART, USART, LIN, I2C, SPI, CAN, USB, Ethernet, I2S, DSP, SAI (serial audio interface), IrDA
Speed 12 Clock/instruction cycle 4 Clock/instruction cycle 1 clock/ instruction cycle 1 clock/ instruction cycle
Memory ROM, SRAM, FLASH SRAM, FLASH Flash, SRAM, EEPROM Flash, SDRAM, EEPROM
ISA CLSC Some feature of RISC RISC RISC
Memory Architecture Von Neumann architecture Harvard architecture Modified Modified Harvard architecture
Power Consumption Average Low Low Low
Families 8051 variants PIC16,PIC17, PIC18, PIC24, PIC32 Tiny, Atmega, Xmega, special purpose AVR ARMv4,5,6,7 and series
Community Vast Very Good Very Good Vast
Manufacturer NXP, Atmel, Silicon Labs, Dallas, Cyprus, Infineon, etc. Microchip Average Atmel Apple, Nvidia, Qualcomm, Samsung Electronics, and TI etc.
Cost (as compared to features provide) Very Low Average Average Low
Other Feature Known for its Standard Cheap Cheap, effective High speed operation Vast
Popular Microcontrollers AT89C51, P89v51, etc. PIC18fXX8, PIC16f88X, PIC32MXX Atmega8, 16, 32, Arduino Community LPC2148, ARM Cortex-M0 to ARM Cortex-M7, etc.
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